Highlights
- •Subjects with CAI present postural control dysfunction in both injured and uninjured limbs;
- •In the support limb there is a bilateral decrease of tibialis anterior compensatory adjustments;
- •In the perturbed limb there is a bilateral increase of peroneus brevis compensatory adjustments.
Abstract
Background
To evaluate the magnitude of bilateral compensatory postural adjustments in response
to a unilateral sudden inversion perturbation in subjects with chronic ankle instability.
Methods
24 athletes with chronic ankle instability (14 with functional ankle instability,
10 with mechanical ankle instability) and twenty controls participated in this study.
The bilateral electromyography of ankle muscles was collected during a unilateral
sudden ankle inversion to assess the magnitude of subcortical and voluntary compensatory
postural adjustments in both the perturbed and the contralateral limb (support limb).
Findings
In the support position, compared to the control group, the group with functional
ankle instability presented decreased compensatory postural adjustments of the tibialis
anterior in both the injured and the uninjured limbs in the support position and of
the soleus in the uninjured limb. In the side of the perturbation, participants with
functional ankle instability presented decreased soleus compensatory postural adjustments
in the uninjured limb when compared to the control group. Increased values of soleus
and peroneal brevis compensatory postural adjustments were observed in the group with
mechanical instability when compared to the control group and to the group with functional
ankle instability.
Interpretation
Subjects with functional ankle instability present bilateral impairment of compensatory
postural adjustments of the tibialis anterior in a support position and of the soleus
of the uninjured limb regardless of the position. Subjects with mechanical instability
present bilateral increase of these adjustments in the peroneal brevis regardless
of the position and in the soleus muscle in the side of the perturbation.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Clinical BiomechanicsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Physical Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete.Elsevier, 2012
- Local sensation changes and altered hip muscle function following severe ankle sprain.Phys. Ther. 1994; 74 (discussion-31): 17-28
- Functional instability of the ankle: differences in patterns of ankle and knee movement prior to and post landing in a single leg jump.Int. J. Sports Med. 2002; 23: 64-68
- Inclusion criteria when investigating insufficiencies in chronic ankle instability.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2010; 42: 2106-2121
- Evidence for a load receptor contribution to the control of posture and locomotion.Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 1998; 22: 495-499
- Force sense deficits in functionally unstable ankles.J. Orthop. Res. 2008; 26: 1489-1493
- Relationship between two proprioceptive measures and stiffness at the ankle.J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol. 2004; 14: 317-324
- Development and reliability of the ankle instability instrument.J. Athl. Train. 2006; 41: 154-158
- Individuals with chronic ankle instability exhibit decreased postural sway while kicking in a single-leg stance.Gait Posture. 2014; 40: 231-236
- Experimental muscle pain results in reorganization of coordination among trapezius muscle subdivisions during repetitive shoulder flexion.Exp. Brain Res. 2007; 178: 385-393
- Stable human standing with lower-limb muscle afferents providing the only sensory input.J. Physiol. 1994; 480: 395-403
- Kinematics analysis of ankle inversion ligamentous sprain injuries in sports: five cases from televised tennis competitions.Am. J. Sports Med. 2012; 40: 2627-2632
- Evaluation of kinesthetic deficits indicative of balance control in gymnasts with unilateral chronic ankle sprains.J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 1996; 23: 245-250
- Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle.J. Bone Joint Surg. 1965; 47: 669-677
- Feedforward ankle strategy of balance during quiet stance in adults.J. Physiol. 1999; 514: 915-928
- Position sense following joint injury.J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness. 1981; 21: 23-27
- Selection criteria for patients with chronic ankle instability in controlled research: a position statement of the international ankle consortium.J. Athl. Train. 2014; 49: 121-127
- EMG responses to maintain stance during multidirectional surface translations.J. Neurophysiol. 1998; 80: 1939-1950
- Sensorimotor deficits with ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability.Clin. Sports Med. 2008; 27: 353-370
- Deficits in time-to-boundary measures of postural control with chronic ankle instability.Gait Posture. 2007; 25: 33-39
- Peroneal reaction time after ankle sprain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2014; 46: 546-556
- Adaptation of automatic postural responses.in: The Acquisition of Motor Behavior in Vertebrates. 1996: 57-85
- Radiographic evaluation of ankle joint stability.Clin. J. Sport Med. 1991; 1: 166-175
- Testing and Function With Posture and Pain.Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005
- Effect of anesthesia of the sinus tarsi on peroneal reaction time in patients with functional instability of the ankle.Foot Ankle Int. 1999; 20: 554-559
- An in vitro study of individual ankle muscle actions on the center of pressure.Gait Posture. 2003; 17: 125-131
- Motor-neuron pool excitability of the lower leg muscles after acute lateral ankle sprain.J. Athl. Train. 2011; 46: 263-269
- Factors contributing to chronic ankle instability: kinesthesia and joint position sense.J. Athl. Train. 2002; 37: 381-385
- Prolonged peroneal reaction time in ankle instability.Int. J. Sports Med. 1991; 12: 290-292
- Neurophysiological Basis of Movement: Human Kinetics.2008
- Prolonged reaction time in patients with chronic lateral instability of the ankle.Am. J. Sports Med. 1995; 23: 414-417
- The pain-adaptation model: a discussion of the relationship between chronic musculoskeletal pain and motor activity.Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 1991; 69: 683-694
- Systematic review of postural control and lateral ankle instability, part I: can deficits be detected with instrumented testing.J. Athl. Train. 2008; 43: 293-304
- The peroneus reaction time during sudden inversion test: systematic review.J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol. 2010; 20: 559-565
- Biomechanics of ankle instability. Part 1: reaction time to simulated ankle sprain.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2008; 40: 1515-1521
- Evidence of sensorimotor deficits in functional ankle instability: a systematic review with meta-analysis.J. Sci. Med. Sport. 2010; 13: 2-12
- Peroneal activation deficits in persons with functional ankle instability.Am. J. Sports Med. 2009; 37: 982-988
- What is the role of muscle receptors in proprioception?.Muscle Nerve. 2005; 31: 780-787
- Is there a link between chronic ankle instability and postural instability?.J. Athl. Train. 2002; 37: 386-393
- Individuals with chronic ankle instability compensate for their ankle deficits using proximal musculature to maintain reduced postural sway while kicking a ball.Hum. Mov. Sci. 2015; 43: 33-44
- Peroneal reaction times for diagnosis of functional ankle instability.Foot Ankle Surg. 2000; 6: 31-38
- Segmental spinal reflex adaptations associated with chronic ankle instability.Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2008; 89: 1991-1995
- Sensorimotor function as a predictor of chronic ankle instability.Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). 2009; 24: 451-458
- Bilateral proprioceptive evaluation in individuals with unilateral chronic ankle instability.J. Athl. Train. 2017; 52: 360-367
- Bilateral balance impairments after lateral ankle trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gait Posture. 2010; 31: 407-414
- Invertor vs. evertor peak torque and power deficiencies associated with lateral ankle ligament injury.J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 1997; 26: 78-86
- Human balance and posture control during standing and walking.Gait Posture. 1995; 3: 193-214
- Fatigue's effect on eversion force sense in individuals with and without functional ankle instability.J. Sport Rehabil. 2012; 21: 127-136
- An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain.Br. J. Sports Med. 1994; 28: 112-116
Article Info
Publication History
Published online: June 25, 2018
Accepted:
June 23,
2018
Received:
October 9,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
