Clinical Biomechanics
Volume 25, Issue 1 , Pages 6-9 , January 2010

The role of axial torque in disc herniation

  • Leigh W. Marshall
    • ,
  • Stuart M. McGill

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Address: Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1.

Received 27 April 2009 ,Accepted 9 September 2009.

References 

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  3. Callaghan JP, McGill SM. Intervertebral disc herniation: studies on a porcine model exposed to highly repetitive flexion/extension motion with compressive force. Clin. Biomech. 2001;16:28–37
  4. Farfan HF, Cossette JW, Robertson GH, Wells RV, Kraus H. The effects of torsion on the lumbar intervertebral joints: the role of torsion in the production of disc degeneration. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 1970;523:468–497
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  10. Mundt DL, Kelsey JL, Golden AL, Pastides H, Berg AT, Sklar J, et al. An epidemiological study of non-occupational lifting as a risk factor for herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. Spine. 1993;18:595–602
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  12. Tampier, C., 2006. Progressive Disc Herniation: An Investigation of the Mechanism Using Histochemical and Microscopic Techniques. Masters Thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo.
  13. Tampier C, Drake J, Callaghan JP, McGill SM. Progressive disc herniation: an investigation of the mechanism using radiologic, histochemical and microscopic dissection techniques. Spine. 2007;32:2869–2874
  14. Yingling VR, Callaghan JP, McGill SM. The porcine cervical spine as a model of the human lumbar spine: an anatomical, geometric, and functional comparison. J. Spinal Disord. 1999;12:415–423

PII: S0268-0033(09)00216-2

doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.09.003

Clinical Biomechanics
Volume 25, Issue 1 , Pages 6-9 , January 2010

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